我的Linux常用命令（持续更新）

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# 总核数 = 物理CPU个数 X 每颗物理CPU的核数 
# 总逻辑CPU数 = 物理CPU个数 X 每颗物理CPU的核数 X 超线程数

# 查看物理CPU个数
cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "physical id"| sort| uniq| wc -l

# 查看每个物理CPU中core的个数(即核数)
cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "cpu cores"| uniq

# 查看逻辑CPU的个数
cat /proc/cpuinfo| grep "processor"| wc -l

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# 查看firewall服务状态
$ systemctl status firewalld
# 查看firewall的状态
$ firewall-cmd --state
# 启动firewalld.service服务
$ service firewalld start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service
# 重启firewalld.service服务
$ service firewalld restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service
# 关闭firewalld.service服务
$ service firewalld stop
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop mysqld.service
# 查看防火墙规则
$ firewall-cmd --list-all
# 查询端口是否开放
$ firewall-cmd --query-port=8080/tcp
# 开放80端口
$ firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=80/tcp
# 移除端口
$ firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-port=8080/tcp
# 重启防火墙(修改配置后要重启防火墙)
$ firewall-cmd --reload

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root@ubuntu:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xb913566a

Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vda1  *     2048 83884031 83881984  40G 83 Linux


Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
root@ubuntu:~# fdisk /dev/vdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xe0b399a9.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-1048575999, default 2048): 
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-1048575999, default 1048575999): 

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 500 GiB.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

root@ubuntu:~# q

Command 'q' not found, but can be installed with:

snap install q                       # version 1.6.3-1, or
apt  install python-q-text-as-data 
apt  install python3-q-text-as-data

See 'snap info q' for additional versions.

root@ubuntu:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/vda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xb913566a

Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vda1  *     2048 83884031 83881984  40G 83 Linux


Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xe0b399a9

Device     Boot Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vdb1        2048 1048575999 1048573952  500G 83 Linux
root@ubuntu:~# df -lh
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev             32G     0   32G   0% /dev
tmpfs           6.3G  8.8M  6.3G   1% /run
/dev/vda1        40G  4.5G   33G  13% /
tmpfs            32G   16K   32G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs            32G     0   32G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           6.3G     0  6.3G   0% /run/user/0
root@ubuntu:/mnt# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vdb1
mke2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
Creating filesystem with 131071744 4k blocks and 32768000 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 21054d6d-ab15-4766-83e5-f85479f5124c
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
        102400000

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (262144 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done     

root@ubuntu:/mnt# 
root@ubuntu:/mnt# mount /dev/vdb1 /mnt/vdb1
root@ubuntu:/mnt# df -lh
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev             32G     0   32G   0% /dev
tmpfs           6.3G  8.8M  6.3G   1% /run
/dev/vda1        40G  4.5G   33G  13% /
tmpfs            32G   16K   32G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs            32G     0   32G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           6.3G     0  6.3G   0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdb1       492G   73M  467G   1% /mnt/vdb1
root@bianyuanyun:/mnt# cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
# / was on /dev/vda1 during installation
UUID=af9f46d3-4314-44ae-b2bf-baba80ae6dfd /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
/dev/vdb1 /mnt ext4 defaults 0 1